Every country in the world is a party to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Annual temperature anomalies (thin lines) and five-year lowess smooths (thick lines) for average temperatures over the Earth's land area (red line) and sea surface over the part of the ocean that is free of ice at all times (blue line)Two millennia of mean surface temperatures according to different reconstructions from climate proxies, each smoothed on a 15 year time scale, with the instrumental temperature record starting in 1858 in black.
This page is about the current warming of the Earth's climate system.
"Climate change" can also refer to climate trends at any point in Earth's history.
For the gases and aerosols, the values represent both the effect they have themselves and the effect of any chemical compound they get converted into in the atmosphere.
Examples of external forcings include changes in the composition of the atmosphere (e.g.
increased concentrations of greenhouse gases), solar luminosity, volcanic eruptions, and variations in the Earth's orbit around the Sun.
Attributing detected temperature changes and extreme events to human-caused increases in greenhouse gases requires scientists to rule out known internal climate variability and natural external forcings.
The slower pace of warming can be attributed to a combination of natural fluctuations, reduced solar activity, and increased volcanic activity.
Radiative forcing of different contributors to climate change in 2011, as reported in the fifth IPCC assessment report.
Global surface temperature is subject to short-term fluctuations that overlie long-term trends, and can temporarily mask or magnify them.
Throughout this period ocean heat storage continued to progress steadily upwards, and in subsequent years surface temperatures have spiked upwards.
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